Reading a Q-Chem output
Guide 3 · where to find the four numbers you need
A Q-Chem output file is long, but for this lab you need only four numbers from each job. Use your text editor’s search (Ctrl+F / ⌘F) with the phrases below.
| You need | Search for | Example line |
|---|---|---|
| Total energy (hartree) | Total energy in the final basis set |
Total energy in the final basis set = -920.6431907520 |
| Number of SCF cycles | Convergence criterion met |
the cycle number at the start of that line, e.g. 12 |
| Wall time (seconds) | Total job time |
Total job time: 14.52s(wall), 52.10s(cpu) → use 14.52 |
| Number of basis functions | basis functions |
There are 26 shells and 74 basis functions → 74 |
An annotated example
Here is an abridged output for a single-point energy, with the important lines highlighted.
...
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
General SCF calculation program by
...
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
There are 26 shells and 74 basis functions ← number of basis functions
...
---------------------------------------
Cycle Energy DIIS error
---------------------------------------
1 -920.4153225231 4.31e-02
2 -920.6017766913 7.45e-03
...
11 -920.6431907518 1.12e-07
12 -920.6431907520 4.05e-09 Convergence criterion met ← 12 SCF cycles
---------------------------------------
SCF time: CPU 41.36s wall 11.73s
SCF energy in the final basis set = -920.6431907520
Total energy in the final basis set = -920.6431907520 ← total energy (Eh)
...
Total job time: 14.52s(wall), 52.10s(cpu) ← wall time
...
* Thank you very much for using Q-Chem. Have a nice day. *
For plain DFT and HF the two lines are usually identical. With extra energy terms, such as a dispersion correction (-D4), they can differ, and the total energy is the one that includes everything. Always use the total energy.
Sanity checks before you trust a number
- Did the job finish? The last lines should say “Thank you very much for using Q-Chem. Have a nice day.” If they don’t, the job crashed or ran out of time.
- Did the SCF converge? Look for Convergence criterion met. If you see a warning that the SCF failed to converge, the energy is meaningless.
- Right charge and multiplicity? Near the top, Q-Chem repeats the
$moleculesection. A triplet O atom run as a singlet gives a perfectly converged, perfectly wrong energy. - Right method and basis? The
$remsection is echoed at the top as well. One typo (e.g.def2-QZVPinstead ofdef2-SVP) changes everything. - Do the significant figures look sensible? Copy all the digits Q-Chem prints. Reaction energies are small differences between big numbers, so rounding total energies to 4 decimals adds errors of up to 0.03 kcal/mol.
Wall time is what you’d measure with a stopwatch; CPU time adds up the time of every processor core used. On a multi-core server CPU time is larger. In this lab we always compare wall times, and only between jobs run on the same server.